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Suicidal behaviour in major depressive illness.

P Linkowski, V de Maertelaer, J Mendlewicz

    Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
    |September 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    A family history of suicide, particularly violent suicide, increases the risk of violent suicidal behavior in major depressive patients. This risk is notably higher in women and male attempters.

    Area of Science:

    • Psychiatry
    • Genetics
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Major depressive illness is a leading cause of disability worldwide.
    • Suicidal behavior is a complex phenomenon with multifactorial causes.
    • Family history is a known risk factor for suicidal behavior.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the association between family history of suicide and suicidal behavior in major depressive illness.
    • To explore potential differences in this association based on gender and illness polarity (bipolar vs. unipolar).

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective study of 713 inpatients diagnosed with major depressive illness.
    • Data collected on past suicidal behavior and family history of suicide.
    • Statistical analysis to determine the significance of familial suicide history on suicidal behavior, stratified by gender and polarity.

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    Main Results:

    • A familial history of suicide, especially violent suicide, significantly increased the frequency of violent suicidal behavior in depressed women, particularly those with bipolar disorder.
    • In depressed men, family history of suicide significantly increased the risk of violent suicidal behavior in attempters.
    • Polarity of depression (bipolar vs. unipolar) influenced the impact of familial suicide history on suicidal behavior in women.

    Conclusions:

    • Familial history of violent suicide is a significant predictor of violent suicidal behavior in major depressive patients.
    • Gender and illness polarity are important factors to consider when assessing suicide risk in the context of family history.
    • These findings highlight the importance of inquiring about family history of suicide in the clinical assessment of major depressive illness.