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Related Concept Videos

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy...
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Tissue Transplantation01:24

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Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
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The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

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[Malignant neoplasms and transplantation].

Sibylle von Vietinghoff1, Steffen Manekeller2,3, Guido Fechner4,3

  • 1Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinikum Bonn und Universität Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, Gebäude 27, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland. sibylle.von_vietinghoff@ukbonn.de.

Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany)
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Summary

Solid organ transplant recipients face increased risks of certain cancers, requiring vigilant monitoring and tailored treatment strategies. Managing post-transplant malignancies involves careful consideration of immunosuppression and anti-cancer therapies.

Keywords:
Drug interactionsImmunosuppressive therapyImmunotherapyMalignant neoplasms, virus-relatedSolid organ transplantation

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology and Transplant Medicine
  • Immunosuppression and Cancer Biology

Context:

  • Malignant neoplasms represent a significant cause of illness and death.
  • Transplant candidates require rigorous screening, and recipients need close monitoring.
  • Active cancer typically excludes patients from solid organ transplantation, with exceptions for localized liver tumors.

Purpose:

  • To review the challenges and management strategies for malignancies in solid organ transplant recipients.
  • To highlight the unique aspects of post-transplantation cancers, including accelerated progression and specific types.

Summary:

  • Post-transplantation malignancies exhibit accelerated tumor progression.
  • Increased surveillance is crucial for skin cancers and virus-associated neoplasms like Epstein-Barr virus-associated post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD).
  • Renal cell carcinoma incidence rises post-kidney transplant, affecting native kidneys.
  • Chemotherapy requires dose adjustments due to pharmacokinetic interactions, and immunotherapies can induce allograft rejection.
  • Emerging data guides the management of immunosuppression in cancer patients.

Impact:

  • Individualized treatment plans are essential, balancing anti-cancer therapies with organ replacement strategies.
  • This review informs clinical practice for managing cancer in the complex transplant population.
  • Highlights the need for ongoing research into novel therapeutic approaches and immunosuppression management.