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A Test Bed to Examine Helmet Fit and Retention and Biomechanical Measures of Head and Neck Injury in Simulated Impact

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Craniofacial Injuries Associated With Micromobility Vehicles: A Retrospective Analysis Using the NEISS Database

Alexandrea S Collins¹, Nicholas A Mirsky¹, Rohan Mangal¹

¹University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

|July 29, 2025

Summary

Micromobility vehicles like electric scooters cause significant craniofacial injuries, with males experiencing higher rates. Public health efforts should focus on helmet use and regulation to improve safety.

Keywords:

Craniofacial injuries NEISS database electric scooters micromobility retrospective study

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Trauma Surgery
Epidemiology

Background:

Micromobility vehicles (e.g., electric scooters, e-bikes) have surged in popularity.
Craniofacial injuries represent a significant public health concern associated with these devices.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the epidemiology and patterns of craniofacial injuries from micromobility vehicle use.
To identify demographic disparities and injury characteristics.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) data (2014-2023).
Inclusion of craniofacial injury data from ~100 US hospital emergency departments.
Analysis of injury patterns across electric scooters, hoverboards, and e-bikes.

Main Results:

Over 308,000 craniofacial injuries were recorded, with males (69.4%) affected more than females (30.6%).
Males aged 20-29 and females aged 0-9 showed peak injury rates; males injured 2.4x more than females.
Powered scooters caused ~80% of injuries, with higher hospital admission rates (12.89%) and frequent head/face trauma.

Conclusions:

Craniofacial regions are highly vulnerable in micromobility accidents.
Significant gender-based risk patterns necessitate targeted safety interventions.
Findings support enhanced helmet promotion and regulatory frameworks for user safety.