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The Hyoid Bone

The Hyoid Bone

The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...

The Thyroid Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Computer-Aided Three-Dimensional Visualization in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Thyroid Cancer

Published on: June 9, 2023

Hyoid Bone Metastases: An Unusual Case.

Gian Piero Di Marco¹, Cinzia Tucci¹, Enzo Iacomino¹

¹Department of Otolaryngology, San Salvatore Hospital, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.

|July 29, 2025

Summary

Secondary tumors of the hyoid bone are rare, but this case shows they can arise from rectal and sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma. Early detection via bone scintigraphy and CT is recommended for patients with cancer history and neck masses.

Keywords:

adenocarcinoma hyoid bone metastasis neck surgery neck tumefaction

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Surgical Pathology

Background:

Secondary tumors of the hyoid bone are exceptionally rare in clinical practice.
Existing literature documents only one prior case of hyoid bone metastasis originating from sigmoid adenocarcinoma.

Observation:

A case study involving a 78-year-old patient with a history of rectum and sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma is presented.
The patient presented with a 4.5 × 3.6 cm rounded osteolytic mass in the central hyoid bone.

Findings:

Surgical excision of the hyoid bone mass was successfully performed under general anesthesia.
The mass was confirmed as a metastasis from the patient's known adenocarcinoma.

Implications:

This case highlights that hyoid bone metastases can occur in patients with rectum and sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma.
Total body bone scintigraphy and CT scans are advised for detecting asymptomatic bone metastases in cancer survivors presenting with neck masses.
While the prognosis can be favorable, regular patient follow-up is crucial.