Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cognitivism

Cognitivism

Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory

The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.

Organization of the Brain

Organization of the Brain

The brain is an integral component of the nervous system and serves as the center for processing sensory inputs, making decisions, and directing bodily actions. This complex organ is organized into three primary sections: the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain, each responsible for a range of vital functions.
Hindbrain
The hindbrain, located at the base of the brain, plays a vital role in regulating automatic processes that sustain life. It includes the medulla oblongata, which is essential for...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Neurodynamic profiles in the alpha band distinguish different forms of meditation.

Neuroscience of consciousness·2026

Same author

Dynamics of thoughts-novel candidate marker for differential-diagnosis of mental disorders?

Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN·2026

Same author

Violence on the self: Exploring the intersection of trauma and identity among sexual and gender minorities from a neurobiological and developmental perspective to advance our understanding of PTSD, moral injury, and dissociation symptoms.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews·2026

Same author

Non-duality in brain and experience of advanced meditators-key role for intrinsic neural timescales.

Communications biology·2026

Same author

Shared and Distinct Time-Space Experiences Along the Psychotic-Affective Continuum.

Schizophrenia bulletin·2026

Same author

Progress and ongoing conceptual challenges "on the way to integrative human neuroscience"-ten years after.

Frontiers in integrative neuroscience·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Published on: October 13, 2023

Brain dynamics shape cognition-Spatiotemporal Neuroscience.

Georg Northoff¹, Angelika Wolman², Jianfeng Zhang²

¹School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China; Mind, Brain Imaging and Neuroethics Research Unit, The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research associated with the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.

Physics of Life Reviews

|July 29, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Brain dynamics, including neural variability and intrinsic neural timescales, shape cognition. Our Dynamic Layer Model of the Brain reveals how spontaneous and task-related activity connect, explaining temporal mechanisms in cognition.

Keywords:

Background-foreground Cognition Intrinsic neural timescales Neural dynamics Variability

More Related Videos

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 13, 2017

Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication

Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication

Published on: February 6, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Modeling the Functional Network for Spatial Navigation in the Human Brain

Published on: October 13, 2023

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy

Multi-layer Cortical Ca2+ Imaging in Freely Moving Mice with Prism Probes and Miniaturized Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: June 13, 2017

Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication

Disruption of Frontal Lobe Neural Synchrony During Cognitive Control by Alcohol Intoxication

Published on: February 6, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Spatiotemporal Neuroscience

Background:

A gap exists between studying cognitive function during task activity and neural dynamics during resting states.
The precise relationship between neural dynamics and cognitive functions remains unclear.
Existing research often overlooks the influence of spontaneous brain activity on cognition.

Purpose of the Study:

To bridge the divide between cognitive function and neural dynamics.
To review how dynamic neural features influence cognitive functions.
To propose a model explaining the connection between brain dynamics and cognition.

Main Methods:

Literature review of dynamic features like neural variability and intrinsic neural timescales (INT).
Expansion of analysis to include task-unspecific and spontaneous brain activity.
Proposal and empirical/computational support for the Dynamic Layer Model of the Brain (DLB).

Main Results:

Neural variability, INT, and scale-free dynamics link spontaneous, task-unspecific, and task-specific brain activity layers.
Four temporal mechanisms (encoding, integration, scaffolding, segmentation) mediate how brain dynamics shape cognition.
Brain dynamics in the background temporally shape cognitive functions in the foreground.

Conclusions:

Neural dynamics are fundamental to cognitive processes, operating across multiple layers of brain activity.
The Dynamic Layer Model provides a framework for understanding cognition through brain dynamics.
Spatiotemporal Neuroscience offers a broader perspective than Cognitive Neuroscience by integrating intrinsic brain dynamics.