A Parent-Targeted Video for Evidence-Based Newborn Pain Management Strategies: Which Behavior Change Techniques Are...

To address care gaps in newborn pain management, a parent-targeted video (BSweet2Babies video) was developed using co-design principles. The purpose of the study was to specify which behavior change techniques are included in the BSweet2Babies video and whether they address key barriers to newborn pain management.

Behavior change techniques are the active components of an implementation intervention and are meant to address barriers in order to increase the impact of the intervention.

This study adopted a mixed-method approach including 3 phases: (1) identifying behavior change techniques in the BSweet2Babies video, (2) coding parents' barriers for engaging in pain management for their newborn babies based on the theoretical domains framework (TDF), and (3) mapping behavior change techniques to barriers codes.

Seven behavior change techniques were identified in the BSweet2Babies video. The key barriers to parents' engagement in newborn pain management were lack of (timely) information about pain management options, parents' difficulty in determining their role in pain management and neonatal intensive care unit environment (lack of space for parents, limited visiting hours). These barriers related to the TDF domains knowledge, social/ professional role and identity and environmental context and resources. The knowledge domain was addressed in the BSweet2Babies video; the other 2 domains were not.

This paper identified potential for additional behavior change techniques that may enhance the BSweet2Babies video.

This is an exemplar study of a methodology that could be used to enhance existing implementation interventions.