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Soybean selection in Kenya enhanced by multi-trait and genotype-by-environment interaction modeling.
André A Stella1, João P S Pavan1, Mauricio S Araújo2
1Department of Genetics, Genetics Diversity and Breeding Laboratory, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Scientific Reports
|July 29, 2025
Summary
Kenyan soybean research identified superior genotypes adapted to local conditions. This study focused on improving plant height, maturity, and grain yield through multi-trait selection for enhanced crop performance.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Plant Breeding
- Genetics
Background:
- Global demand for soybean protein necessitates expanding cultivation.
- Kenya is developing soybean genotypes for diverse agroecological conditions.
- Limited success in selecting stable, high-performing soybean genotypes in Kenya.
Purpose of the Study:
- Quantify genotype-by-environment (G×E) interaction magnitude.
- Select soybean genotypes with superior performance and stability using a multi-trait approach.
- Estimate genetic gain for key agronomic traits in Kenyan soybean breeding.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated 65 soybean genotypes across 19 environments (2019-2023/24).
- Assessed stability using Weighted Average of Absolute Scores for plant height (PH), days to maturity (NDM), and grain yield (GY).
- Employed Desired Gain Index for multi-trait selection (20% intensity) and estimated genetic gain.
Main Results:
- Significant effects of genotype, environment, and G×E interaction were identified.
- Overall means: PH 62.30 cm, NDM 120 days, GY 1783.70 kg/ha.
- Selected ideotypes (G42, G26, G46, G35, G53, G41, G12, G54, G39, G52, G02, G37) showed high genetic potential and adaptation.
Conclusions:
- Selected genotypes demonstrate significant genetic gain: PH (6.5%), NDM (1.3%), GY (15.6%).
- These genotypes are well-adapted to Kenyan agroecological conditions.
- The multi-trait approach effectively identified high-performing and stable soybean varieties for Kenya.
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