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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Development of Efficient OLEDs from Solution Deposition
07:09

Development of Efficient OLEDs from Solution Deposition

Published on: November 4, 2022

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Optimization of Electron Transport Layer Inkjet Printing Towards Fully Solution-Processable OLEDs.

Riccardo Manfredi1, Carmela Tania Prontera1,2, Fabrizio Mariano1

  • 1CNR-NANOTEC-Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers optimized inkjet printing for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by developing a new electron transport layer (ETL) ink. This breakthrough enables cost-effective, fully printed OLEDs with high performance.

Area of Science:

  • Organic electronics
  • Materials science
  • Device fabrication

Background:

  • Inkjet printing offers a cost-effective method for fabricating organic optoelectronic devices.
  • Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are crucial for displays and lighting, but fully printed architectures face challenges.
  • Depositing subsequent layers without damaging underlying ones is a key hurdle in printable OLED fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To optimize an ink formulation for printing the electron transport layer (ETL) in bottom-emitting OLEDs.
  • To demonstrate the successful integration of a printed ETL into a functional OLED device.
  • To advance the development of fully printed OLED architectures.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of a 2,2',2″-(1,3,5-Benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole) (TPBi)-based ink for ETL deposition.
Keywords:
OLEDselectron transport layerink optimizationinkjet printing

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  • Identification of an optimal solvent ratio (methanol to diethyl ether) for high-quality ETL printing.
  • Integration of the printed ETL into an OLED device with a 5,10-Bis(4-(3,6-di-tert-butyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)-2,6-dimethylphenyl)-5,10-dihydroboranthrene (tBuCzDBA) emitting layer.

    • Main Results:

    • A specific methanol to diethyl ether ratio was found to enable ETL printing without damaging the underlying emitting layer.
    • The optimized printed ETL was successfully incorporated into a complete OLED device.
    • The resulting OLED achieved a maximum current efficiency of 6.8 cd/A and a peak luminance of approximately 8700 cd/m2.

    Conclusions:

    • The study presents a viable method for printing the critical ETL in OLEDs using inkjet technology.
    • This work signifies a substantial advancement towards achieving fully printed OLEDs.
    • The optimized ink formulation and printing process contribute to the goal of low-cost, high-performance organic optoelectronics.