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Er:YAG Laser Applications for Debonding Different Ceramic Restorations: An In Vitro Study.

Ruxandra Elena Luca1,2, Anișoara Giumancă-Borozan3, Iosif Hulka4

  • 1University Clinic of Oral Rehabilitation and Dental Emergencies, Faculty of Dentistry, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.

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|July 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Erbium:YAG laser debonding effectively removes ceramic fixed prosthetic restorations (FPRs) with minimal damage to teeth. Layered zirconia and feldspathic restorations showed the highest success rates in this study.

Keywords:
Er:YAG laserceramicsdebondingelectron microscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Laser Dentistry
  • Prosthodontics

Background:

  • Conventional methods for removing cemented fixed prosthetic restorations (FPRs) are often destructive and inefficient.
  • Existing techniques can damage abutment teeth and rarely allow for restoration reuse.
  • Lasers, specifically Erbium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) and Erbium, Chromium-doped Yttrium Scandium Gallium Garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG), show promise for safer FPR removal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Er:YAG laser radiation for debonding various types of ceramic fixed prosthetic restorations (FPRs).
  • To compare the performance of different ceramic materials (feldspathic, lithium disilicate, layered zirconia, monolithic zirconia) under Er:YAG laser action.
  • To assess the impact of laser debonding on the integrity of both the restorations and the underlying dental structures.

Main Methods:

  • Sixteen extracted teeth were prepared as abutments and restored with four types of ceramic restorations: feldspathic (F), lithium disilicate (LD), layered zirconia (LZ), and monolithic zirconia (MZ).
  • Restorations were cemented using two different luting agents (RELYX and Variolink DC).
  • An Er:YAG laser (Fotona StarWalker MaQX) was used at specific parameters (275 mJ, 20 Hz, 5.5 W) with air/water cooling to debond the restorations, followed by electron microscopy analysis.

Main Results:

  • Out of 23 debonded ceramic FPRs, 12 remained intact. Electron microscopy confirmed no damage to the tooth structure.
  • Success rates for intact debonding varied by material: 100% for layered zirconia (LZ) and feldspathic (F), 87% for lithium disilicate (LD), and 0% for monolithic zirconia (MZ).
  • Debonding success rates were 75% with RELYX cement and 69% with Variolink DC cement.

Conclusions:

  • Er:YAG laser radiation offers a conservative and effective method for debonding the majority of ceramic fixed prosthetic restorations.
  • Layered zirconia and feldspathic ceramics demonstrate high success rates for laser-assisted debonding.
  • Further research may be needed to optimize laser parameters for materials like monolithic zirconia and evaluate cement-specific outcomes.