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Related Concept Videos

Assessing Body Temperature - Oral01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Oral

837
Here are the steps to accurately measure oral temperature using an electronic thermometer:
Step 1:
Start by practicing proper hand hygiene to prevent the spread of microorganisms.
Step 2:
Take the thermometer out of the charging unit, switch it on, and wait for the ready sign.
Step 3:
Gently slide the probe cover until a click is heard. This simple action prevents cross-contamination and ensures the correct placement of the probe cover.
Step 4:
Instruct the patient to open their mouth and place...
837
Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

1.2K
Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
1.2K
Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

672
Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
Step 3: Assess the patient's...
672
Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane01:14

Assessing Body Temperature - Tympanic membrane

669
Assessing tympanic membrane temperature involves using a tympanic membrane thermometer (TMT). Here is a step-by-step guide:
Step 1: Begin by practicing good hand hygiene to prevent the transmission of microorganisms.
Step 2: Turn on the thermometer and wait until the ready sign appears on the screen to ensure accurate measurement.
Step 3: Slide the probe cover in place to prevent cross-contamination.
Step 4: Instruct the patient to tilt their head to the side for comfort and check for cerumen...
669
Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Temperature01:23

Physical Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth: Temperature

251
Heat is a widely used method to control microbial growth by targeting and denaturing cellular proteins, thereby killing or inactivating microbes. This method's effectiveness is quantified using parameters such as the thermal death point (TDP), thermal death time (TDT), and decimal reduction time (D value). TDP represents the lowest temperature at which all microorganisms in a liquid suspension are eliminated within 10 minutes, whereas TDT is the time necessary to achieve sterilization at a...
251
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

2.2K
A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
2.2K

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Using Embedded Temperature Sensors to Detect Package Tampering.

Geoffrey Chancel1, Julien Toulemont2, Frederick Mailly1

  • 1LIRMM, University of Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an affordable method to verify integrated circuit (IC) package integrity at power-up. It uses built-in thermal sensors to indirectly measure heat dissipation, enhancing hardware security.

Keywords:
countermeasuresfault injectionhardware securityreverse engineeringthermal dissipation monitoring

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Computer Engineering
  • Hardware Security

Background:

  • Integrated circuits (ICs) face significant security threats, including semi-invasive attacks requiring package removal.
  • Verifying the physical integrity of IC packages is crucial but under-researched.
  • Existing security measures often overlook physical package vulnerabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an accessible and effective solution for verifying integrated circuit package integrity.
  • To develop a method for detecting unauthorized package tampering at the earliest stage (power-up).
  • To leverage existing on-chip components for security verification.

Main Methods:

  • An indirect measurement technique utilizing the IC's inherent heat dissipation characteristics.
  • Integration of thermal sensors, commonly found in modern ICs, for data acquisition.
  • A power-up verification protocol to assess package integrity before full operation.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the feasibility of using thermal dissipation for package integrity checks.
  • The proposed method is cost-effective, relying on existing IC features.
  • Successfully detected simulated package tampering through abnormal thermal signatures.

Conclusions:

  • The developed power-up verification method offers a practical approach to enhance IC security against semi-invasive attacks.
  • Utilizing embedded thermal sensors provides a non-invasive and affordable means to ensure package integrity.
  • This research addresses a critical gap in hardware security by focusing on physical package verification.