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Related Concept Videos

Design Example: Maintaining Level of an Embankment01:19

Design Example: Maintaining Level of an Embankment

124
Constructing a roadway embankment over uneven terrain requires precise leveling to ensure stability and proper drainage. Surveyors use a leveling instrument and staff to calculate ground elevations and determine the required fill material at each point along the embankment alignment.The process begins by positioning a leveling instrument near a benchmark with a known elevation. A backsight reading establishes the instrument height, which serves as a reference for subsequent measurements. A...
124
Taping Over Different Ground Profiles01:12

Taping Over Different Ground Profiles

91
Taping over varying ground profiles requires careful adaptation to achieve accurate measurements. On smooth, level ground with minimal vegetation, the tape can rest directly on the ground. Here, the taping team, typically consisting of a head and a rear tapeman, coordinates their positions with clear communication. The rear tapeman holds the tape at the starting point and guides the head tapeman toward a range pole placed beyond the endpoint, using hand or voice signals to ensure alignment.On...
91
Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength01:12

Non-destructive Tests for Concrete Strength

194
The rebound hammer test, also known as the Schmidt hammer test, is a non-destructive technique for evaluating the hardness of concrete and, indirectly, the strength of concrete. It operates on the principle that the rebound of a spring-driven mass from a concrete surface correlates to the surface's hardness. The device comprises a mass within a tubular housing, a spring mechanism, and a plunger that strikes the concrete. Upon release, the energy imparted to the mass by the spring causes it...
194
Placing Concrete01:17

Placing Concrete

198
The concrete is placed as close as possible to its final position to avoid segregation. The placed concrete is then fully compacted to expel the entrapped air, and the next layer of concrete is laid while the underlying layer is still in the plastic state. The rate at which concrete is placed and compacted is kept equal.
While placing concrete, care is taken to ensure that the concrete is laid in uniform layers, and hand shoveling and moving concrete using poker vibrators is avoided. Also,...
198
Mortar Joint Deterioration in Masonry01:13

Mortar Joint Deterioration in Masonry

165
Mortar joint deterioration is a significant concern in masonry structures, with water accumulation in the joints leading to damage from freeze-thaw cycles. The repeated expansion of water during freezing and its melting during thawing develop and propagate cracks in the masonry joints. Eventually, this leads to the spalling of mortar from the joints, loosening masonry units and weakening the structure. The deteriorated mortar joints are also vulnerable to moisture intrusion into the walls.
The...
165
Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment01:17

Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment

102
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
102

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Building Double-decker Traps for Early Detection of Emerald Ash Borer
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Termite Detection Techniques in Embankment Maintenance: Methods and Trends.

Xiaoke Li1, Xiaofei Zhang1, Shengwen Dong2

  • 1Henan Key Lab of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This review evaluates termite detection methods for embankment maintenance. Integrated multi-sensor systems and AI show promise for enhanced accuracy and automation in preventing structural damage.

Keywords:
biological characteristicsdetectionembankmentphysical sensingtermites

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Area of Science:

  • Geotechnical Engineering
  • Environmental Science
  • Pest Management

Background:

  • Termites threaten embankment structural integrity through nesting and tunneling, causing voids and potential failure.
  • Effective termite detection is crucial for proactive embankment maintenance and risk mitigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically classify and evaluate current termite detection techniques for embankments.
  • To identify emerging solutions for improved detection accuracy and automation.

Main Methods:

  • Review and analysis of physical sensing technologies (e.g., GPR, acoustic detection, electrical resistivity imaging).
  • Evaluation of biological characteristic-based methods (e.g., electronic noses, sniffer dogs, UAV imaging).
  • Assessment of integrated multi-sensor frameworks and artificial intelligence algorithms.

Main Results:

  • Physical sensing offers non-invasive subsurface anomaly localization.
  • Biological methods detect volatile compounds and surface activity.
  • Integrated systems and AI enhance detection accuracy, adaptability, and automation.

Conclusions:

  • Future termite detection relies on interdisciplinary integration and intelligent monitoring.
  • Advanced systems support early warning, rapid response, and long-term structural resilience.
  • This work provides a foundation for improved termite management and embankment safety.