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WSN-Based Multi-Sensor System for Structural Health Monitoring.

Fatih Dagsever1, Zahra Sharif Khodaei1, M H Ferri Aliabadi1

  • 1Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, City and Guilds Building, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 30, 2025
PubMed
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A new Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) system integrates multiple sensors on a small flexible board for structural health monitoring (SHM). This lightweight, low-power solution is ideal for aerospace applications, offering advanced detection and data acquisition.

Area of Science:

  • Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is crucial for operational assessment and maintenance in civil, aerospace, and transportation engineering.
  • Existing SHM systems face challenges with miniaturization, cost-effectiveness, and multi-sensor integration, especially for weight-sensitive applications like aerospace.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, miniaturized, cost-effective, and multi-sensor Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) system for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM).
  • To integrate multiple sensing modalities onto a compact flexible Printed Circuit Board (PCB) suitable for weight-sensitive structures.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a 3x3 cm flexible PCB integrating a Piezoelectric Transducer (PZT), strain gauge, accelerometer, and environmental sensors.
Keywords:
Bluetooth LEWSN-based monitoringmulti-sensor systemstructural health monitoring

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  • Implemented real-time Data Acquisition (DAQ) and precise time synchronization using Bluetooth Low Energy (LE).
  • Conducted experimental evaluations on composite panels and aluminum specimens.
  • Main Results:

    • The Multi-Sensor System (MSS) demonstrated high-fidelity recording of PZT signals, strain variations, and acceleration responses.
    • Performance of the proposed MSS matched that of commercial instruments.
    • The system proved to be low-power, lightweight, and scalable.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel WSN-based MSS offers a highly integrated, compact, and efficient solution for SHM.
    • The system's capabilities and performance show strong potential for on-board SHM in aerospace applications.
    • This technology addresses key limitations of conventional SHM systems, paving the way for advanced structural monitoring.