Theoretical Analysis and Research on Support Reconstruction Control of Magnetic Bearing with Redundant Structure
Huaqiang Sun1, Zhiqin Liang1, Baixin Cheng1
1School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 30, 2025
Summary
This study demonstrates how magnetic bearings with redundant structures can reconstruct electromagnetic force (EMF) after coil failures. The current distribution matrix (CDM) enables fault-tolerant control, ensuring stable magnetic levitation even with up to two coil failures.
Area of Science:
- Engineering
- Control Systems
- Electromagnetism
Background:
- Magnetic levitation bearings with redundant structures are crucial for fault tolerance, especially when coil failures occur.
- Coil failures in magnetic bearings can lead to asymmetrical support structures and loss of stable levitation.
- Achieving fault-tolerant control requires reconstructing electromagnetic force (EMF) under various support conditions post-failure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To reveal the support reconstruction mechanism in magnetic bearings with redundant structures.
- To develop a fault-tolerant control strategy for magnetic bearings experiencing coil failures.
- To validate the effectiveness of the proposed method through simulations.
Main Methods:
- Linearization analysis of offset current to define the current distribution matrix (CDM).
- Construction and linearization of the nonlinear EMF model for an eight-pole magnetic bearing.
- Calculation of current matrices and magnetic flux densities under different coil failure scenarios (no failure, single coil failure, double coil failure).
- Development of a fault-tolerant control system using CDM and a position control law.
Main Results:
- The CDM effectively manages current distribution for EMF reconstruction under various support structures.
- Support reconstruction was successfully achieved even with up to two coil failures in an eight-pole magnetic bearing.
- Simulations showed minimal instantaneous displacement disturbance (<0.28 μm) during reconstruction, with reconstructed EMF matching expected values.
Conclusions:
- The proposed current distribution strategy based on CDM enables effective fault-tolerant control in magnetic bearings with redundant structures.
- The study validates the mechanism of support reconstruction, demonstrating resilience against multiple coil failures.
- The findings contribute to the design of more reliable and robust magnetic levitation systems.
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