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Related Concept Videos

Bioplastics01:27

Bioplastics

Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...

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Evaluating Polylactic Acid and Basalt Fibre Composites as a Potential Bioabsorbable Stent Material.

Seán Mulkerins1, Guangming Yan1, Declan Mary Colbert1

  • 1PRISM Research Institute, Technological University of the Shannon, University Road, N37HD68 Athlone, Ireland.

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This study enhanced polylactic acid (PLA) bioabsorbable polymer stents (BPSs) by adding basalt fibers. Optimized processing conditions significantly improved mechanical properties, addressing limitations of current BPSs.

Keywords:
basalt fibrebioabsorbable polymer stentspolylactic acidtwin-screw extrusion

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Polymer Science
  • Medical Device Development

Background:

  • Permanent metallic stents pose long-term clinical risks.
  • Bioabsorbable polymer stents (BPSs) offer a solution but have lower mechanical properties.
  • Polylactic acid (PLA) based BPSs require larger struts, risking delayed healing and thrombosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the mechanical performance of PLA by incorporating basalt fibers.
  • To optimize twin-screw extrusion processing conditions for PLA/basalt fiber composites.
  • To achieve significant mechanical improvements at minimal fiber loadings.

Main Methods:

  • PLA/basalt fiber composites were prepared using twin-screw extrusion at varying screw speeds (50, 200, 350 RPM).
  • Composites underwent single and double extrusion runs to assess processing effects.
  • Characterization included ash content, tensile testing, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and rheometry.

Main Results:

  • Lower screw speeds (50 RPM) improved fiber dispersion and minimized molecular weight reduction.
  • A second extrusion run enhanced dispersion, increasing tensile strength and modulus.
  • Optimal conditions (10% fiber loading, 50 RPM, double extrusion) yielded a 20.23% increase in tensile strength and 27.52% increase in modulus.
  • Processing conditions critically influenced fiber dispersion, matrix adhesion, and molecular weight retention.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized processing of PLA/basalt fiber composites can significantly enhance mechanical properties for BPS applications.
  • Careful control of extrusion parameters is crucial for balancing mechanical enhancement with material integrity.
  • This approach offers a promising strategy to overcome the mechanical limitations of current bioabsorbable polymer stents.