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Filamentous Temperature-Sensitive Z Protein J175 Regulates Maize Chloroplasts' and Amyloplasts' Division and

Huayang Lv1, Xuewu He1, Hongyu Zhang1

  • 1College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China.

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|July 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

The maize gene J175 (FtsZ2-2) is vital for plastid division, impacting chloroplasts and amyloplasts. Mutations disrupt plant growth, photosynthesis, and starch granule formation, highlighting its role in maize development.

Keywords:
FtsZamyloplastchloroplastmaize

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Plastid division is critical for plant growth and yield.
  • Chloroplasts and amyloplasts have distinct roles in photosynthesis and starch storage.
  • Regulatory genes controlling plastid division are essential for organelle morphogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of the maize J175 (FtsZ2-2) gene in plastid division.
  • To understand the role of FtsZ proteins in chloroplast and amyloplast development.
  • To identify genetic resources for maize molecular breeding.

Main Methods:

  • Map-based cloning of the J175 gene from an EMS mutant.
  • Protein localization studies within plastids.
  • Analysis of photosynthetic rates and plastid morphology in the j175 mutant.
  • RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) of mutant leaves and kernels.

Main Results:

  • J175 encodes a plastid-localized FtsZ protein crucial for cell division.
  • The j175 mutant exhibits inhibited chloroplast division, reduced photosynthetic efficiency, and abnormal starch granules in amyloplasts.
  • Downregulation of multiple plastid division genes (FtsZ1, ARC3, ARC6, PDV1-1, PDV2, MinE1) was observed in the mutant.

Conclusions:

  • The maize J175 gene is essential for normal chloroplast and amyloplast division.
  • Disruption of J175 impairs plant growth, photosynthesis, and starch accumulation.
  • J175 represents a valuable gene resource for maize molecular breeding aimed at improving yield.