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Viremia Kinetics in Pigs Inoculated with Modified Live African Swine Fever Viruses
Alexey Sereda1, Mikhail Vlasov1, Timofey Sevskikh1
1Federal Research Center for Virology and Microbiology, Academician Bakoulov Street, bldg. 1, Petushki Area, 601125 Volginsky, Vladimir Region, Russia.
Vaccines
|July 30, 2025
Summary
Viremia testing is crucial for evaluating African Swine Fever (ASF) modified live virus (MLV) vaccines. High or prolonged viremia indicates unfavorable vaccine candidates, guiding the development of effective ASF vaccines.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Virology
- Vaccinology
- Disease Control
Background:
- African Swine Fever (ASF) is a severe viral hemorrhagic disease in pigs.
- Modified live virus (MLV) vaccines are common but lack broad acceptance.
- Current ASF vaccine evaluation lacks a standardized critical measure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose and validate viremia testing as an essential criterion for ASF MLV vaccine evaluation.
- To identify favorable viremia profiles for promising ASF vaccine candidates.
- To accelerate the development of effective ASF vaccines.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of ASF MLV vaccine candidates with gene deletions.
- Assessment of viremia kinetics post-vaccination and challenge.
- Evaluation of viral persistence in organs using post-mortem data.
Main Results:
- Many MLV candidates, especially single-gene deletions, showed high viremia.
- Viral persistence in organs was common among tested MLVs.
- Specific MLVs, including those with EP402R deletion or cell culture passaging, exhibited favorable viremia profiles.
Conclusions:
- Viremia assessment should be a primary screening criterion for ASF MLV vaccines.
- This approach can accelerate the selection of effective vaccine candidates.
- Implementing viremia testing aids in developing emergency vaccines for ASF-affected regions.
