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Kidney Involvement in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Peritoneal Dialysis as the Preferred Modality
Marko Baralić1,2, Nikola Stojanović3, Selena Gajić2
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotića Starijeg Str. 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Vaccines
|July 30, 2025
Summary
Patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) have weakened immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. Tailored COVID-19 vaccination strategies and telemedicine are crucial for improving outcomes in this vulnerable group.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) exhibit inherent immune dysfunction and comorbidities, increasing vulnerability to infections.
- SARS-CoV-2 poses a significant threat to PD patients, necessitating a thorough understanding of their immune responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the immunological response to SARS-CoV-2 in peritoneal dialysis patients.
- To assess the efficacy of different COVID-19 vaccine platforms and booster strategies in this population.
- To explore the role of PD as a home-based dialysis modality in mitigating infection risk.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on viral entry, immune activation, and evasion mechanisms in PD patients.
- Critical assessment of immunogenicity and clinical efficacy data for various vaccine platforms (inactivated, vector-based, mRNA).
- Evaluation of the impact of waning immunity, viral variants, and booster doses on vaccine effectiveness.
Main Results:
- PD patients demonstrate impaired cellular and humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, including reduced T-cell function and antibody production.
- Vaccine platforms show variable efficacy, with booster doses being essential for sustained protection against evolving variants.
- Peritoneal dialysis offers advantages like home-based care and telemedicine compatibility, potentially reducing viral exposure risks.
Conclusions:
- Individualized vaccination strategies, including tailored booster doses, are vital for optimizing protection in PD patients.
- Close immunological surveillance and innovative dialysis care models are necessary to improve clinical outcomes.
- Integrating telemedicine into PD care can enhance patient management and reduce exposure during public health crises.
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