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High-spatial-resolution 2D shape sensing based on OFDR using adaptive spectrum method with narrow sweep range.

Rongyi Shan, Cailing Fu, Yanjie Meng

    Optics Express
    |July 30, 2025
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new adaptive spectrum method (ASM) enables high-resolution 2D shape sensing using optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) with a narrow wavelength sweep. This technique significantly improves spectral similarity and strain demodulation accuracy in multicore fibers.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Fiber Optic Sensing
    • Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) is a powerful technique for distributed sensing.
    • High-spatial-resolution shape sensing often requires a wide wavelength sweep range, limiting practical applications.
    • Multicore fibers (MCF) offer potential for enhanced sensing capabilities but present demodulation challenges.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel wavelength shift demodulation method, the adaptive spectrum method (ASM), for OFDR.
    • To achieve high-spatial-resolution two-dimensional (2D) shape sensing with a narrow sweep range.
    • To analyze the performance of ASM in terms of strain demodulation accuracy and shape reconstruction fidelity.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of the adaptive spectrum method (ASM) for OFDR wavelength shift demodulation.
    • Analysis of root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) for strain sections in MCF sensing cores.
    • Reconstruction of 2D shapes using the ASM and analysis of position deviations.
    • GPU parallel computation implementation of the ASM for performance evaluation.

    Main Results:

    • ASM achieved significant improvement in spectral similarity compared to traditional methods.
    • Strain distribution in outer sensing cores of MCF was successfully demodulated at a 2.1 mm spatial resolution.
    • Accurate 2D shape reconstruction was demonstrated for various curvature radii (20-50 mm).
    • GPU parallelization reduced computation time by a factor of 8.4 compared to CPU serial computation.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed adaptive spectrum method (ASM) is effective for high-spatial-resolution 2D shape sensing using OFDR with a narrow sweep range.
    • ASM enhances spectral similarity and strain demodulation accuracy in multicore fiber sensing.
    • GPU acceleration significantly improves the computational efficiency of the ASM, making it suitable for real-time applications.