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Autoimmune rheumatic diseases and manifestations for population screening: a consensus development study
Ling Xiang1,2, Andrea Hsiu Ling Low1,2,3, Ying Ying Leung1,2,3
1Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Singapore Medical Journal
|July 30, 2025
Summary
Researchers developed consensus-based lists of autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) and their manifestations for population screening. This work aims to improve early diagnosis of ARDs through new screening questionnaires.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Public Health
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Self-administered screening questionnaires are crucial for reducing diagnostic delays in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs).
- Existing ARD screening tools often lack comprehensive coverage, targeting only specific conditions.
- A need exists for a broad-spectrum screening tool for common ARDs in the general population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish a list of autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) suitable for population screening.
- To identify key manifestations for inclusion in a new ARD screening questionnaire.
Main Methods:
- Phase 1: Modified Delphi study with rheumatologists to identify target ARDs.
- Phase 2: Modified nominal group technique involving rheumatologists, other healthcare professionals, and patients to identify manifestations.
Main Results:
- Ten ARDs were selected for general population screening from an initial 14 candidates.
- Eighty candidate manifestations were identified, with 59 ultimately selected for the screening questionnaire.
Conclusions:
- Developed consensus-based lists of ARDs and their manifestations.
- Provides a foundation for creating new screening questionnaires to aid early ARD diagnosis.
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