A Case-Control Study on the Association Between MMP2 and MMP9 Genetic Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer

Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9 are associated with the degradation of type IV collagen, leading to invasion and metastasis. Polymorphisms in these genes could influence their biological activities and contribute to cancer development and progression. This study evaluated the relationship between MMP2 (rs2285053) and MMP9 (rs3787268) gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to breast cancer in Bangladeshi breast cancer patients.

This case-control study included 105 females diagnosed with breast cancer and 108 healthy controls. Following DNA extraction from the blood samples, genotyping was carried out by tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain (ARMS-PCR) reaction and gel electrophoresis.

In the case of rs2285053 polymorphism, CT genotype (OR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.03-4.36), dominant model (OR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.08-4.52), overdominant model (OR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.02-4.31), and alleles (OR = 2.13, CI = 1.08-4.18) were significantly associated with an increased breast cancer risk. For rs3787268 polymorphism, additive model 1 (OR = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.05-0.78), additive model 2 (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.06-0.86), and dominant model (OR = 0.22, CI = 0.06-0.81) significantly decreased breast cancer risk in this population.

Our results conclude that MMP2 (rs2285053) is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, while MMP9 (rs3787268) polymorphisms may be correlated with a reduced risk of breast cancer in Bangladeshi females. Future studies are warranted to validate our findings in other populations.