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Multifaceted approaches to promoting the growth potential in small-for-gestational-age infants and their clinical

Lijuan Si1, Jing Guo2, Wenlong Du3

  • 1Lijuan Si Department of Children's Health Care, Baoding Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
|July 30, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Early interventions help small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants achieve catch-up growth. This approach improves development and reduces risks associated with overnutrition, like insulin resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants often face challenges in achieving optimal growth postnatally.
  • Understanding interventions to promote growth potential in SGA infants is crucial for long-term health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate multifaceted approaches for promoting growth potential in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants.
  • To assess the clinical relevance of these interventions, including their impact on developmental indices and maternal mental health.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study involving 196 SGA infants born between February 2020 and February 2024.
  • Infants were divided into a control group and a catch-up group based on different nursing approaches.
  • Evaluated various development indices, maternal anxiety, and depression scores.

Main Results:

  • The catch-up group showed significantly greater body weight, height, and developmental indices (WAZ, HAZ) at 12-24 months corrected age compared to the control group.
  • At 24 months corrected age, the catch-up group exhibited higher PDI, MDI, FBG, and Homa-IAI, and lower FINS, Homa-IR, HBCI, anxiety, and depression scores.
  • These differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Appropriate early interventions can facilitate catch-up growth in SGA infants with growth potential.
  • These interventions may prevent adverse effects of overnutrition, such as insulin resistance.
  • The study highlights the clinical relevance of targeted nursing approaches for SGA infant development.
Abstract

Keywords:
Catch-up GrowthInsulin ResistanceMDIPDISmall for Gestational AgeZ-score

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