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Updated: Sep 13, 2025

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TRIM21: a multifaceted regulator in cancer

Aizhuo Li1, Jiannan Wang1, Yi Qu2

  • 1Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|July 30, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Tripartite motif-containing 21 (TRIM21) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase crucial for regulating cell signaling and tumor progression. Understanding TRIM21

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Oncology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Ubiquitination is a key post-translational modification regulating cellular processes.
  • Tripartite motif-containing 21 (TRIM21) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in various cellular functions.
  • TRIM21 plays a significant role in tumorigenesis and development by modifying substrate proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an in-depth understanding of TRIM21's mechanisms in biological processes and cancer.
  • To explore TRIM21's multifaceted roles in autophagy, metabolism, immune evasion, proliferation, metastasis, and cell death resistance.
  • To highlight the potential of TRIM21 as a therapeutic target for novel cancer treatments.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing research on TRIM21.
  • Literature analysis of TRIM21's function in various biological contexts.
  • Examination of TRIM21's role in different tumor types and associated signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • TRIM21 regulates protein stability and function, impacting key cellular pathways.
  • TRIM21 is implicated in diverse cancer-related processes including immune escape and metastasis.
  • TRIM21's activity is critical for tumor proliferation and resistance to cell death.

Conclusions:

  • TRIM21 is a pivotal regulator in tumorigenesis and development.
  • Targeting TRIM21 offers potential for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Further research into TRIM21 mechanisms can advance cancer treatment options.
Keywords:
autophagycancerimmunitymetabolismubiquination

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