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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

A Noninvasive Hair Sampling Technique to Obtain High Quality DNA from Elusive Small Mammals

A Noninvasive Hair Sampling Technique to Obtain High Quality DNA from Elusive Small Mammals

Published on: March 13, 2011

An Optimised Method to Identify Reintroduced Swift Foxes (Vulpes velox) Through SNP Genotyping of Non-Invasively

L D Parker^1,2, K R Todd^1,3, D L Nelson^1,4

¹Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, USA.

Molecular Ecology Resources

|July 30, 2025

Summary

Hybridization capture methods, using probes designed for kit foxes, successfully generated genetic data for swift foxes. This technique aids in monitoring reintroduced swift fox populations and demonstrates versatility for closely related species.

Keywords:

conservation genetics hybridization capture non‐invasive DNA reintroduction single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)swift fox (Vulpes velox)wildlife management

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Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

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Area of Science:

Wildlife genomics
Conservation genetics
Molecular ecology

Background:

Noninvasive genetic sampling is crucial for wildlife studies, but high-throughput sequencing adoption has been slow.
Hybridization capture enriches degraded DNA from noninvasive samples, yet its use in wildlife genetics is limited.
Previous work showed SNP genotyping from scats for species, individual, and sex identification.

Purpose of the Study:

To test if kit fox-designed probes yield multi-locus SNP genotypes and sex identification in swift foxes.
To assess if these genotypes can differentiate swift foxes by calculating identity-by-state values.
To evaluate the impact of replicate PCRs on genotyping success and population structure inference.

Main Methods:

Applied in-solution hybridization capture enrichment for SNP loci.
Utilized probes designed for kit foxes on swift fox scat samples.
Performed multi-locus SNP genotyping and population genetic analyses.

Main Results:

Achieved an 85% success rate in genotyping swift fox samples.
Demonstrated that kit fox probes can generate informative genotypes for closely related swift foxes.
Confirmed the utility of SNP genotypes for differentiating individuals and inferring population structure.

Conclusions:

Developed methodology enables effective monitoring of swift fox reintroduction success (dispersal, survival, reproduction).
Hybridization capture with cross-species probes is versatile for wildlife population studies.
This approach enhances the application of genomic methods in conservation efforts.