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Cancer of the vulva: 2025 update: FIGO Cancer Report 2025

  • 0Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics : the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics +

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July 30, 2025

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July 30, 2025

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Early detection and treatment of predisposing lesions are key to reducing vulvar cancer incidence. Prompt biopsy of suspicious vulvar lesions is crucial for diagnosis and timely management of this uncommon gynecological malignancy.

Area Of Science

  • Gynecologic Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Oncology

Background

  • Vulvar cancer is a rare gynecologic malignancy predominantly affecting postmenopausal women.
  • Currently, no specific screening methods exist for vulvar cancer.
  • The most effective preventive strategy involves timely treatment of predisposing and preneoplastic vulvar lesions.

Purpose Of The Study

  • To summarize current understanding and management strategies for vulvar cancer.
  • To emphasize the importance of early detection and diagnosis.
  • To outline treatment modalities based on disease stage and histology.

Main Methods

  • Review of current literature and clinical guidelines for vulvar cancer management.
  • Analysis of diagnostic approaches, including biopsy of suspicious lesions.
  • Evaluation of treatment options: surgical, radiation, and systemic therapies.

Main Results

  • Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common vulvar cancer subtype.
  • Treatment decisions are guided by histology, staging (clinical, radiological, surgical), and patient factors.
  • Surgical intervention and/or adjuvant radiation are primary treatments for squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Concurrent chemoradiation is an effective option for advanced tumors.
  • Systemic therapy for metastatic disease is often extrapolated from cervical cancer treatment protocols.

Conclusions

  • Individualized management by a multidisciplinary team at experienced cancer centers is essential.
  • Prompt biopsy of any suspicious vulvar lesion is critical for diagnosis.
  • Effective management relies on accurate staging and tailored therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:

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