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The Association Between Changes in Food Security and Core Aspects of EFNEP Programming: A Path Analysis
Victor O Olayemi1, Rachel A Liebe2, Elena L Serrano3
1Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA.
Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior
|July 30, 2025
Summary
The Eating Smart, Being Active curriculum improved some areas, but only half of Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) participants reported better food security. Food resource management and safety were key factors.
Area of Science:
- Public Health Nutrition
- Community Health Education
- Food Security Research
Background:
- The Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) aims to improve dietary behaviors and health outcomes.
- Understanding the impact of EFNEP's 'Eating Smart, Being Active' curriculum on food security is crucial for program optimization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the effect of the EFNEP 'Eating Smart, Being Active' curriculum on participant food security.
- To identify specific program components that influence changes in food security.
Main Methods:
- Utilized cross-sectional, quantitative secondary data from 200 adult EFNEP participants.
- Employed paired t tests for pre-post program comparisons and structural equation modeling for path analysis.
- Measured food security, food resource management, and food safety as key outcomes.
Main Results:
- All EFNEP domains showed significant improvements, yet only 51.5% of participants reported enhanced food security.
- Improvements in food resource management (β = 0.33) and food safety (β = 0.28) significantly predicted increased food security (P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
- While EFNEP effectively improves nutrition and safety behaviors, its direct impact on food security is partial.
- Future program iterations should incorporate targeted food security strategies to maximize participant benefits.
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