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Updated: Sep 13, 2025
Simultaneous Application of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation during Virtual Reality Exposure
Published on: January 18, 2021
Enhanced consent and patient counselling using virtual reality for patients undergoing shockwave lithotripsy:
Dara Bamerni1, Loretta Tear1, Tanya Davis1
1University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
Objective:
To discover the effectiveness of VR in improving patient understanding and enhancing the consent procedure for patients undergoing extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL). The primary outcomes measured include patient knowledge, pain perception, and emotional well-being.
Methods:
For this prospective study (ERGO: 92019), patients with kidney stone disease (KSD) undergoing SWL were given a VR headset before their treatment. The VR glasses visually explained the SWL process (3 min) and its success and complications through an audio explanation linked to a 3D animation. The content followed the patient information leaflet (PIL) from European and British associations. Participants were provided with three questionnaires that covered pain, anxiety, and patient understanding of SWL via the VR enhanced consent (one questionnaire each).
Results:
100 patients completed all three questionnaires. 68 patients reported an improved understanding of SWL with VR, and the overall improvement in patient understanding was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Participants also found the VR headset significantly more helpful and accessible and felt more confident explaining the procedure. 66 participants preferred VR to current teaching methods, and 81 firmly favoured using VR for future procedures. Findings also demonstrated a positive emotional impact, with participants reporting more positive and fewer negative emotions after VR use.
Conclusion:
Our study showed that incorporating VR into the consent process effectively improves patient understanding and experience, with widespread approval. VR improved the psychological well-being of patients undergoing surgical procedures, highlighting the potential for VR to play a significant role in enhancing consent.
