Risk assessment method for pharmaceutics removal in treated wastewater - challenges of new Directive (EU) on urban
Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła1, Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak2, Janusz Ryszard Rak2
1Częstochowa University of Technology, Dabrowskiego 69, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland.
Abstract:
The provisions of the new European Union Directive on urban wastewater treatment introduce the obligation to control selected micropollutants in wastewater discharged to surface receivers. The monitoring list includes 10 active compounds belonging to the following groups of pharmaceuticals: antidepressants (3), antibiotics (1), analgesic (1), diuretic (1), β-blocker (1), anticonvulsant/psychotropic (1) and blood pressure regulator (2). The list of micropollutants also includes benzotriazole and a mixture of two methyl derivatives of benzotriazole (4-methylbenzotriazole and 6-methylbenzotriazole). Currently, the identification of these compounds in water and wastewater is fragmentary and is not the subject of routine monitoring studies. The new Directive presents the required level of removal of these substances, which is 80 %. Previous research described in the literature indicates that the above-mentioned micropollutants are not removed in sewage treatment plants to a sufficient extent, therefore it will be necessary to add another treatment stage. The aim of the work was to screen for the concentration of micropollutants in wastewater from a local municipal wastewater treatment plant and to assess the risk of their removal efficiency in accordance with the requirements of the new Directive on urban waste water treatment.
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