Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 13, 2025
Evaluation of Hepatic Glucose Production in a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mouse Model
Published on: March 5, 2022
Metabolic phenotype in non-aldosterone producing adrenal adenomas with co-existent polycystic ovary syndrome: a joint
Ariadni Spyroglou1, Panagiota Konstantakou1, Marianna Minnetti2
12nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Purpose:
Non-aldosterone producing-adrenal-adenomas (NAPACAs) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are associated with insulin-resistance (IR). Whether the co-existence of the two diseases leads to accentuated adverse metabolic profile remains unknown. Aim of this study is the assessment of cardiometabolic risk factors in women with NAPACAs with and without PCOS.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective multicenter study including adult premenopausal women categorized as NAPACA (n = 45), PCOS (=20) or NAPACA+PCOS (n = 24), excluding women with hormonally active adenomas, congenital-adrenal-hyperplasia, diabetes, systemic steroid medication or active malignancy.
Results:
NAPACA patients were significantly older than the other two groups (P < 0.001). All groups did not differ in blood pressure, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (P > 0.05) or in body-mass-index (P = 0.06). NAPACA+PCOS patients displayed significantly increased insulin resistance (IR) (GIR:P < 0.05, HOMA: P < 0.05, QUICKI:P < 0.05, MATSUDA-index: P < 0.05). Cortisol levels upon 1-mg-dexamethasone-suppression-test (DST) did not differ among the groups; DHEA-S (P < 0.05) and testosterone (P < 0.01) were significantly higher in the two groups with PCOS patients. Free-androgen-index positively correlated with IR in NAPACA (GIR P < 0.01, HOMA P < 0.05, QUICKI P < 0.05) and PCOS (GIR P < 0.01, HOMA P < 0.01, QUICKI P < 0.01, MATSUDA P < 0.01), while 1mg-DST positively correlated with IR in NAPACA+PCOS (GIR P = 0.05, HOMA P < 0.05, QUICKI P < 0.05, MATSUDA P < 0.05). Younger age, higher IR and lower HDL levels predicted the PCOS presence in NAPACA patients whereas the multivariate analysis revealed age and HDL levels as the most important predictors of this association.
Conclusion:
These findings provide evidence for a distinct metabolic pattern in NAPACA+PCOS patients compared to NAPACA patients. Further prospective studies with larger patient cohorts will be necessary to elucidate this observation.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Adrenal Gland Disorders
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
01:31Hormones of the Adrenal Glands
The adrenal cortex, a powerhouse of hormone synthesis, generates over two dozen corticosteroid hormones. The zona glomerulosa produces mineralocorticoids, exemplified by aldosterone, influencing the electrolyte composition of body fluids. The synthesis of glucocorticoids such as cortisol and...
02:07Oogenesis
01:17Anatomy of the Adrenal Glands
These glands possess a distinctive yellow tinge due to the stored cholesterol and fatty acids required for hormone synthesis. They are encased in a fibrous capsule and cushioned by fat.
The adrenal gland comprises two distinct...
01:30Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle. At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...