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Reconfigurable In-S Coordination in SPAN Cathodes: Unlocking High Sulfur Utilization and Fast Kinetics for Practical

Cheng Huang1, Yi Gong2, Qi Zhu1

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
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PubMed
Summary

A new indium-sulfur coordination strategy enhances sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) cathodes for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. This approach improves sulfur utilization and electrochemical performance, enabling high-energy-density and long cycle life.

Keywords:
Li‒S batteriesamorphous indium‐sulfur compositehigh sulfur loadingredox kineticssulfurized polyacrylonitrile

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) is a promising cathode material for high-energy-density lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries.
  • Conventional SPAN exhibits sluggish conversion kinetics and limited sulfur utilization, particularly at high sulfur loadings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a reconfigurable indium-sulfur (In-S) coordination strategy to dynamically regulate sulfur bonding states in SPAN.
  • To enhance the electrochemical performance of SPAN-based cathodes for Li-S batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of a non-crystalline In-S network into SPAN to reversibly anchor and release sulfur.
  • Structural analysis to confirm atomically dispersed In-S coordination without inactive crystalline phases.
  • Electrochemical testing of In-S coordinated SPAN cathodes under practical high-loading and lean-electrolyte conditions.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an active material content of 47.4 wt.% with only 1.18 wt.% indium addition.
  • Optimized In5-SPAN cathodes delivered a high specific capacity of 1048 mAh·g⁻¹ at 0.5 A g⁻¹.
  • Demonstrated superior performance compared to state-of-the-art SPAN cathodes under lean-electrolyte and high-loading conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The reconfigurable In-S coordination strategy effectively accelerates redox reactions and suppresses phase segregation in SPAN cathodes.
  • This novel approach offers a pathway for developing next-generation Li-S batteries with high energy density and extended cycle life.