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Plasminogen Activation in Oral Mucosal Immunopathology
Lina C Fellah1, Lakmali M Silva1
1Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA.
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
|July 31, 2025
Summary
The plasminogen/plasmin system is crucial for oral mucosa health. Its dysfunction, particularly plasminogen deficiency, is linked to severe periodontitis, suggesting genetic risk factors for this common oral disease.
Area of Science:
- Oral mucosal immunology
- Hemostasis and thrombosis
- Genetic predisposition to disease
Background:
- The plasminogen/plasmin (Plg/Pln) system regulates oral mucosa homeostasis, including inflammation, tissue remodeling, and wound healing.
- Dysregulation of Plg/Pln proteolytic activity can cause oral mucosal immunopathology.
- The plasminogen activation system (PAS) components are present in the oral cavity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of oral PAS components.
- To discuss the role of PAS in oral mucosal homeostasis and disease.
- To explore the link between Plg deficiency and periodontitis.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on the plasminogen/plasmin system in the oral cavity.
- Analysis of the role of congenital plasminogen deficiency in periodontitis.
- Examination of genetic associations between *PLG* polymorphisms and periodontal disease.
Main Results:
- Congenital plasminogen deficiency is associated with severe childhood periodontitis due to impaired fibrinolysis.
- Genetic polymorphisms in the *PLG* gene are significantly associated with common forms of periodontal disease.
- These findings highlight *PLG* variants as potential risk indicators for periodontitis.
Conclusions:
- The Plg/Pln system is vital for maintaining oral mucosal health.
- Plg deficiency serves as a model for understanding Plg/Pln system's role in periodontitis.
- Genetic variations in *PLG* may indicate susceptibility to periodontal disease.
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