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Predicting Tolerance to Anthracycline Chemotherapy Using Electrocardiogram-Based Artificial Intelligence in Sarcoma.

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Artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiograms (AI-ECG) show promise in monitoring chemotherapy patients. AI-ECG accurately predicted low ejection fraction (EF) and may help assess chemotherapy tolerance during treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Oncology
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Anthracycline chemotherapy can cause cardiotoxicity, necessitating cardiac monitoring.
  • Assessing chemotherapy tolerance and cardiac function is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram (AI-ECG) in assessing anthracycline chemotherapy tolerance.
  • To determine if AI-ECG can predict cardiac function and monitor changes during chemotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Adult sarcoma patients receiving anthracycline chemotherapy with pre-treatment ECGs were analyzed.
  • AI-ECG nomograms predicted age and ejection fraction (EF); changes correlated with chemotherapy tolerance.
  • Sensitivity and specificity of AI-ECG for predicting low EF (<50% or <35%) were measured.

Main Results:

  • AI-ECG accurately identified patients with low EF (100% sensitivity, 94% specificity for EF <50%).
  • A trend suggested higher dose reductions with increased AI-ECG aging (OR 5.13, P=.32).
  • Two patients with decreased EF post-treatment showed significant increases in AI-ECG low EF prediction.

Conclusions:

  • AI-ECG predictions on ECGs may monitor EF decreases during anthracycline chemotherapy.
  • Further research is recommended to validate AI-ECG aging as a marker for chemotherapy tolerance.