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Ethical Issues

Ethical Issues

Nurses are essential in patient care, upholding the ethical principles of their profession and effectively navigating ethical dilemmas. Neglecting ethical issues can lead to inadequate patient care, compromised therapeutic relationships, and moral distress among healthcare workers.
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:

Nurses' Legal Responsibilities I

Nurses' Legal Responsibilities I

In healthcare, informed consent is a crucial process that involves thoroughly communicating medical treatment options to patients, including benefits, risks, potential side effects, and alternatives. This process enables patients to make well-informed decisions about their care, ensuring they understand the implications of their choices before consenting to or refusing treatment.
The legal responsibilities of a nurse regarding informed consent include the following:

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...

General Anesthesia: Overview

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...

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Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers

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Deficiencies of Informed Consent Among Anesthesia Providers: An Integrative Review.

Savannah Larsen¹, Miroslava Cova¹, Pamela Chambers²

¹Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science College of Nursing, DNP Nurse Anesthesia Program, Chicago, Illinois.

|July 31, 2025

Summary

Informed consent omissions by anesthesia providers are common in malpractice claims. Patients' rights and autonomy are frequently violated, necessitating improved communication during the informed consent process.

Keywords:

anesthesia providers ethical principles informed consent malpractice patient rights

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Area of Science:

Anesthesiology
Medical Law
Patient Safety

Background:

Informed consent is a cornerstone of ethical medical practice.
Malpractice claims highlight potential deficiencies in healthcare provider communication.
Anesthesia delivery involves inherent risks that necessitate thorough patient understanding.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify omissions in the informed consent process by certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs) and physician anesthesiologists.
To analyze malpractice claims related to informed consent failures between 1990-2022.
To determine associated injuries, court rulings, and violations of patient rights and ethical principles.

Main Methods:

Systematic search of the Casetext database for malpractice claims.
Screening of abstracts by a legal expert based on defined inclusion criteria.
Data extraction and thematic analysis of 24 included legal cases.

Main Results:

Failure to obtain informed consent and anesthesia-related risks were the most frequent omissions.
Patient rights were violated in all reviewed cases.
The ethical principle of autonomy was violated in 17 cases.

Conclusions:

Anesthesia providers frequently exhibit deficiencies in the informed consent process.
Reevaluation of communication strategies for informed consent is crucial.
Addressing these omissions is vital for upholding patient rights and ethical standards in anesthesia care.