Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Single-cell analysis of HIV expression and integration sites reveals robust viral expression across diverse chromatin environments.

Microbiology spectrum·2026

Same author

A screen of chromatin-targeting compounds identifies TAF1 as a novel regulator of HIV latency.

mBio·2026

Same author

Multiomic analysis of ART-interruption cohorts identifies cell-extrinsic and -intrinsic mechanisms driving lymphocyte-mediated control of HIV rebound.

Immunity·2026

Same author

Single cell multiomic analysis of the impact of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on HIV infected CD4 T cells.

Journal of cannabis research·2026

Same author

Single-cell characterization of the gastrointestinal HIV reservoir reveals heterogeneous cellular phenotypes.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2025

Same author

Customizable mRNA Lipid Nanoparticles for Transfection of Primary Human T Cells.

ACS nano·2025

Same journal

Implications of HIV persistence and pathogenesis in microglia.

Current opinion in HIV and AIDS·2026

Same journal

Paediatric HIV cure section in Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS.

Current opinion in HIV and AIDS·2026

Same journal

Early intervention, lasting impact: benefits of early antiretroviral therapy and implications for posttreatment control.

Current opinion in HIV and AIDS·2026

Same journal

Natural killer cells in pediatric HIV cure strategies: from viral control to immunotherapeutics.

Current opinion in HIV and AIDS·2026

Same journal

Nonhuman primate models of HIV reveal reservoir dynamics and promising interventions.

Current opinion in HIV and AIDS·2026

Same journal

Impact of sex differences in adult and paediatric HIV-1 cure.

Current opinion in HIV and AIDS·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

High Throughput In Vitro Assessment of Latency Reversing Agents on HIV Transcription and Splicing

High Throughput In Vitro Assessment of Latency Reversing Agents on HIV Transcription and Splicing

Published on: January 22, 2019

Using single cell technologies to understand HIV latency models.

Julia S Huff^1,2, Edward P Browne^1,2,3

¹Department of Microbiology and Immunology.

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

|July 31, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Single-cell omics technologies reveal complex heterogeneity in HIV latency models. These advanced methods identify new host genes regulating viral latency, improving understanding of HIV persistence.

Keywords:

HIV reservoir cell lines latency primary cells single cell multiomics

More Related Videos

Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2rγnull (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies

Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2rγ^null (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies

Published on: January 7, 2019

Single-cell Quantitation of mRNA and Surface Protein Expression in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-infected CD4+ T Cells Isolated from Rhesus macaques

Single-cell Quantitation of mRNA and Surface Protein Expression in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-infected CD4+ T Cells Isolated from Rhesus macaques

Published on: September 25, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 13, 2025

High Throughput In Vitro Assessment of Latency Reversing Agents on HIV Transcription and Splicing

High Throughput In Vitro Assessment of Latency Reversing Agents on HIV Transcription and Splicing

Published on: January 22, 2019

Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2rγnull (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies

Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2rγ^null (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies

Published on: January 7, 2019

Single-cell Quantitation of mRNA and Surface Protein Expression in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-infected CD4+ T Cells Isolated from Rhesus macaques

Single-cell Quantitation of mRNA and Surface Protein Expression in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-infected CD4+ T Cells Isolated from Rhesus macaques

Published on: September 25, 2018

Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Genomics

Background:

Previous bulk analyses of HIV-infected cell cultures identified mechanisms of HIV transcription and targets for HIV latency in vitro.
Cellular heterogeneity in bulk analyses presents challenges for developing effective latency-reversing agents.
Understanding host cell regulation of the HIV provirus is crucial for developing curative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current model systems for studying human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) latency.
To outline the application of single-cell omics technologies in analyzing HIV latency models.
To highlight how single-cell approaches can overcome limitations of bulk analyses.

Main Methods:

Application of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) and single-cell Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin sequencing (scATACseq).
Utilizing multiomic methods like DOGMAseq and ECCITEseq for comprehensive analysis.
Analysis of established cell line and primary cell models of HIV latency.

Main Results:

Recent studies employing single-cell omics have uncovered significant heterogeneity within latently HIV-infected cell populations.
Identification of novel host cell genes that play a regulatory role in maintaining HIV latency.
Demonstration of sensitive detection of cellular subpopulations involved in proviral reactivation and latency.

Conclusions:

Single-cell technologies offer a powerful advantage for dissecting HIV latency in various model systems.
These methods enhance the understanding of HIV latency mechanisms and host-pathogen interactions.
Findings from model systems generate testable hypotheses for clinical samples from individuals with HIV.