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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

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IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
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Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
52
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

161
IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
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Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography01:22

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

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Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...
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Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies01:28

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

41
Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...
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Updated: Sep 13, 2025

A Cognitive Fusion-guided Prostate Biopsy Using Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Transrectal Ultrasound
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Prostate Imaging for Recurrence Reporting: User Guide.

Anup S Shetty1, Tyler J Fraum1, Joseph E Ippolito1

  • 1From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, Campus Box 8131, St Louis, MO 63110.

Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Prostate Imaging for Recurrence Reporting (PI-RR) system standardizes MRI for recurrent prostate cancer after treatment. PI-RR focuses on dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) MRI to detect recurrence following radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) standardizes prostate cancer imaging before treatment.
  • Post-treatment assessment for recurrent prostate cancer using MRI requires different interpretation criteria than pre-treatment imaging.
  • Standardization is needed for reliable detection and reporting of prostate cancer recurrence after radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiation therapy (RT).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and explain the Prostate Imaging for Recurrence Reporting (PI-RR) system.
  • To provide guidelines for the performance and interpretation of pelvic MRI in patients with suspected recurrent prostate cancer.
  • To standardize the reporting of MRI findings indicative of prostate cancer recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • The PI-RR system adapts principles from PI-RADS but emphasizes different imaging sequences and findings for recurrence detection.
  • Key MRI findings for recurrence include focal early enhancement on dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) images and diffusion restriction.
  • The system utilizes a structured scoring approach based on established knowledge of recurrent prostate cancer MRI features.

Main Results:

  • PI-RR provides a systematic framework for interpreting post-treatment prostate MRI.
  • The system codifies scoring elements for T2-weighted, diffusion-weighted, and DCE imaging relevant to recurrence after RP and RT.
  • Illustrative cases demonstrate the application of PI-RR in clinical practice.

Conclusions:

  • The PI-RR system offers a standardized approach to reporting suspected prostate cancer recurrence on MRI.
  • It aims to improve consistency and accuracy in the interpretation of post-treatment pelvic MRI.
  • PI-RR serves as a comprehensive reference for radiologists of all experience levels.