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A Study on Gender Differences in the Maximum Attractiveness Values for Cephalometric Measures.

Xiaofan Feng1, Xin Chen2, Hongyu Ren2

  • 1Department of Stomatology, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|July 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Facial attractiveness varies by gender, with different ideal cephalometric measurements for males and females. This study identified maximum attractiveness values (MAVs) for key facial profile measures, highlighting gender-specific aesthetic preferences.

Keywords:
Cephalometric measurementsestheticsfacefemalemalequadratic correlation

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics and Dentofacial Aesthetics
  • Facial Morphology and Perception
  • Anthropometry and Biometrics

Background:

  • Facial attractiveness is influenced by cephalometric measurements.
  • Aesthetic preferences for facial profiles may exhibit gender dimorphism.
  • Understanding gender-specific cephalometric norms is crucial for aesthetic evaluations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare maximum attractiveness values (MAVs) for cephalometric measures between male and female patients.
  • To identify gender differences in cephalometric parameters associated with facial profile attractiveness.
  • To provide novel insights into gender-specific aesthetic ideals in orthodontics.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated facial attractiveness of 180 untreated adult Chinese patients (90 males, 90 females) using photographs.
  • Calculated quadratic correlations between 27 cephalometric measures and perceived facial attractiveness.
  • Identified MAVs for cephalometric measures significantly linked to attractiveness.

Main Results:

  • Twelve cephalometric measures significantly correlated with facial attractiveness in both genders.
  • Identified distinct MAVs for measures like angle of convexity, ANB angle, and Wits appraisal between males and females.
  • Results indicate gender-specific optimal values for cephalometric parameters influencing facial aesthetics.

Conclusions:

  • Significant differences in MAVs between genders suggest current cephalometric norms may not universally represent attractiveness.
  • MAVs for ANB angle, angle of convexity, and Wits appraisal indicate a preference for less pronounced chin/jaw in females.
  • Future facial aesthetics research should stratify analyses by gender for greater accuracy.