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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
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Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

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The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
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Atomic Nuclei: Larmor Precession Frequency01:11

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The earth's gravitational field produces a 'twisting force' perpendicular to the angular momentum of a spinning mass (such as a spinning top) that causes the mass to 'wobble' around the gravitational field axis in a phenomenon called precession. Similarly, the magnetic moment (μ) of a spinning nucleus precesses due to an external magnetic field directed along the z-axis. The precession of the magnetic moment vector about the magnetic field is called Larmor precession,...
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The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

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An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
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Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

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Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
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Novel Approach to Investigate ATOMKI Anomaly Using Coherent CAPTAIN-Mills Detectors.

Bhaskar Dutta1, Bai-Shan Hu2,3, Wei-Chih Huang1

  • 1Texas A&M University, Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Department of Physics and Astronomy, College Station, Texas 77843, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|July 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers propose using the CAPTAIN-Mills (CCM) liquid argon detector to search for a new beyond the standard model (BSM) boson. This particle, suggested by the ATOMKI nuclear anomaly, could be detected via its e+e- decay.

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Area of Science:

  • Particle Physics
  • Nuclear Physics
  • Beyond Standard Model Physics

Background:

  • The ATOMKI anomaly suggests a new beyond the standard model (BSM) boson with a mass of approximately 17 MeV.
  • This hypothetical boson is observed to be emitted from excited nuclei and decays into electron-positron pairs (e+e-).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and evaluate a novel method for searching for the BSM boson implicated in the ATOMKI anomaly.
  • To investigate the potential of the coherent CAPTAIN-Mills (CCM) liquid argon (LAr) detector for this search.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the ongoing coherent CAPTAIN-Mills (CCM) ten-ton LAr detector.
  • Leveraging inelastic neutron scattering from the Lujan target.
  • Detecting the proposed boson through its characteristic e+e- decay signature within the CCM detector's PMT glass.

Main Results:

  • The CCM detector is shown to probe a significant portion of the parameter space allowed by the ATOMKI anomaly.
  • The proposed method demonstrates the feasibility of detecting the new boson via its e+e- decay.

Conclusions:

  • The coherent CAPTAIN-Mills (CCM) experiment offers a promising avenue for discovering the BSM boson responsible for the ATOMKI anomaly.
  • Future predictions are provided for larger LAr detectors and an EOS water detector, indicating scalability of the search.