Research progress in sleep disorders associated with multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is a common demyelinating disease in neurology, characterized by a complex and unpredictable pathogenesis, as well as diverse clinical manifestations, which impose a significant burden on the physical and mental health of patients. Sleep disturbances, as a prevalent yet often overlooked disabling symptom in this disease, have a high incidence rate and significantly reduce the quality of life for patients. This article systematically reviews recent advancements in sleep disorders associated with multiple sclerosis (MS), analyzing their epidemiological patterns, underlying pathophysiology, and management strategies for five core manifestations: insomnia, sleep-disordered breathing, restless legs syndrome, narcolepsy, and circadian rhythm dysregulation. By integrating multidisciplinary insights, this work aims to provide robust evidence for optimizing long-term patient outcomes through targeted therapeutic approaches.