Fatty Acid Determination and Activity Evaluation of Wild Higher Fungi from Southern Sichuan, China

To study the species composition and resource value of wild higher fungi, 29 mushrooms were collected in southern Sichuan, China. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and total reducing power. The anti-tumor activity was evaluated by studying the inhibition rate of HeLa cells and HepG2 cells. Finally, the fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results of antioxidant experiments showed that Russula compacta and Suillus bovinus had good DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging ability, and R. compacta, Ganoderma lucidum, G. australe and Sutorius micropores had strong total reducing power. Anti-tumor experiments showed that G. australe had the best inhibitory effect on HepG2 (IC50 = 0.092 mg/mL), and Scleroderma yunnanense had the best inhibitory effect on HeLa (IC50 = 0.186 mg/mL). A total of 26 fatty acid components were identified in 17 higher mushroom samples. Hexadecanoic acid was detected in all samples. This paper completed the investigation of the value of higher fungal resources in Wumeng Mountain area of Southern Sichuan and laid a foundation for further research and development on the medicinal edible value of these fungi in the future.