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Updated: Sep 13, 2025
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Fragmenting Bulk Hydrogels and Processing into Granular Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications
Published on: May 17, 2022
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Fragmentation of granular droplets on impact
B Darbois Texier1, J-F Fuentealba2
1Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire FAST, 91405 Orsay, France.
Physical Review. E
|August 1, 2025
Summary
Granular droplets fragment more than liquid ones upon impact. Their final size and shape follow scaling laws related to grain size and impact speed, offering insights into droplet dynamics.
Area of Science:
- Fluid dynamics
- Materials science
- Physics of soft matter
Background:
- Liquid droplet impact dynamics are governed by surface tension and dissipation.
- Granular droplets, composed of solid grains linked by liquid bridges, exhibit complex impact behaviors.
- Dissipation and fragmentation in granular droplet impacts remain poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the final state of granular droplets after impact.
- Determine how impact speed, grain size, and liquid properties influence droplet fragmentation.
- Compare granular droplet impact with pure liquid droplet behavior.
Main Methods:
- Measuring total surface area and perimeter of fragments post-impact.
- Analyzing fragment size distribution.
- Varying impact speed, grain diameter, and interstitial liquid properties.
Main Results:
- Final perimeter and surface area scale with a Weber number based on grain diameter.
- Granular droplets exhibit increased fragmentation compared to pure liquid droplets.
- Fragment number and size distribution show similarities to pure liquid droplet fragmentation.
Conclusions:
- Granular droplet impact dynamics can be described by scaling laws.
- Fragmentation is a key factor in granular droplet impact outcomes.
- The study provides a framework for understanding granular droplet behavior under impact.
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