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Sex Differences in White Matter Structure in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: MR Diffusion Fixel-Based
Yan Yu1, Jiancheng Fu1, Meihao Wang2
1College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
This study found significant white matter differences in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), particularly in females. These findings highlight sex-specific white matter alterations in ADHD.
Area of Science:
- Neuroimaging
- Developmental Neuroscience
- Child Psychiatry
Background:
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in adolescents.
- Significant sex dimorphism exists in ADHD, yet sex-specific impacts on brain structure are underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate sex differences in white matter organization in children with ADHD.
- Utilize magnetic resonance (MR) diffusion data and fixel-based analysis (FBA) for detailed white matter assessment.
Main Methods:
- Recruited 55 children with ADHD and 37 typically developing controls.
- Employed FBA to analyze MR diffusion data for white matter structure.
- Conducted group comparisons and correlation analyses between white matter features and clinical symptoms.
Main Results:
- No significant sex differences in white matter were found in healthy controls.
- Significant white matter alterations (fiber cross-section) observed in ADHD group across multiple tracts.
- Females with ADHD exhibited stronger correlations between white matter integrity and clinical symptoms.
Conclusions:
- First study to demonstrate sex differences in ADHD white matter bundles using FBA.
- Provides deeper understanding of ADHD pathophysiology.
- Offers potential new insights for ADHD diagnosis and treatment.
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