New insights into the dule roles CDK12 in human cancers: Mechanisms and interventions for cancer therapy
Wei Dai1, Dong Xie2, Hao Huang1
1Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China.
Abstract:
The dysregulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12), which may result from genomic alterations or modulation by upstream effectors, is implicated in cancer oncogenesis and progression. CDK12 overexpression or activation is sufficient to induce tumor initiation, recurrence, and therapeutic resistance. However, CDK12 may also exert tumor-suppressive functions in a context-dependent manner. Therefore, caution is warranted when targeting CDK12 in future clinical trials. A comprehensive elucidation of the dual roles and underlying mechanisms of CDK12 in carcinogenesis is urgently needed to advance precision oncology. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the dysregulation and biological roles of CDK12 in cancer. Subsequently, we systematically summarize the functions and mechanisms of the oncogenic and tumor-suppressive roles of CDK12 in different contexts. Finally, we discuss the potential of CDK12 as a novel therapeutic target and its implications in clinical oncology, offering insights into future directions for innovative cancer treatment strategies.
Insights
Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) has dual roles in cancer, acting as both an oncogene and tumor suppressor. Understanding its complex functions is crucial for developing targeted cancer therapies and advancing precision oncology.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Research
- Genetics
Background:
- Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) dysregulation is linked to cancer development and progression.
- CDK12 alterations can drive tumor initiation, recurrence, and resistance to therapy.
- CDK12 may also possess context-dependent tumor-suppressive functions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of CDK12 dysregulation and its biological roles in cancer.
- To systematically summarize the oncogenic and tumor-suppressive functions of CDK12.
- To discuss CDK12 as a potential therapeutic target in oncology.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of CDK12's role in cancer.
- Systematic summary of experimental findings on CDK12 functions.
- Analysis of clinical implications and future research directions.
Main Results:
- CDK12 overexpression/activation promotes tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance.
- CDK12 can exhibit context-specific tumor-suppressive activities.
- The dual role necessitates careful consideration for therapeutic targeting.
Conclusions:
- Elucidating CDK12's dual roles is essential for precision oncology.
- CDK12 presents a promising, yet complex, therapeutic target.
- Further research is needed to optimize CDK12-targeted cancer treatment strategies.
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