Bath-engineering technique for criticality-based quantum metrology with amplitude noise

Area of Science:

• Quantum Physics
• Quantum Information Science
• Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

• Quantum critical systems exhibit extreme sensitivity near phase transitions.
• This sensitivity is leveraged for enhanced quantum metrology.
• Dissipation can significantly impact quantum system dynamics and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the influence of quantum criticality on quantum metrology under dissipative conditions.
• To explore the effectiveness of bath-engineered quantum simulation for studying critical phenomena.

Main Methods:

• Numerical simulation of the dissipative quantum Rabi model (QRM) using a bath-engineering technique.
• Calculation of the inverse variance dynamics around the quantum critical point.
• Comparison with results from the hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) method.

Main Results:

• Quantum metrology enhancement by criticality is limited under strong dissipation or high temperatures.
• Precision does not diverge at the quantum phase transition point in these conditions.
• The quantum-simulation method accurately captures critical system dynamics.

Conclusions:

• Bath-engineered quantum simulation offers an efficient alternative to HEOM for studying critical systems.
• The method is suitable for investigating larger critical systems in quantum metrology.
• Dissipation poses a challenge to exploiting quantum criticality for metrology gains.