Progress in advanced biosensors for authentication of animal-origin food

Economically motivated adulteration (EMA) has become a critical issue in authentication of animal-origin food, as it poses serious threat to consumer benefits and health, industry development, and religious concerns. Efficient detection technologies are urgently needed to ensure food authenticity. However, conventional authentication technologies are limited in their capabilities for portable and highly sensitive detection. Emerging biosensors, with distinct advantages of simple operation, portable device, and super sensitivity, have become effective toolboxes to meet the demands of reliable on-site detection. This review systematacially summarizes the applications of advanced biosensors (mainly including colorimetric, fluorescence, electrochemical and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors) for authentication of animal-origin food. Significant recognition elements and their principles, the commonly coupled signal output platforms, as well as their applications in the detection of various animal-origin foods are comprehensively reviewed. Furthermore, we also discuss the current challenges and future prospects in this research field.