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Pericardial Conundrum: Unmasking Tuberculosis as the Culprit
Brittni McClellan1, Brandon A Grodman2, Jessica A LaVoie2
1Cardiology Department, Henry Ford Providence Hospital, Southfield, Michigan, USA.
JACC. Case Reports
|August 1, 2025
Summary
Tuberculous pericarditis (TBP) is a rare but serious condition. Early diagnosis and treatment of TBP are crucial for preventing severe complications and improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) primarily affects the lungs but can manifest as extrapulmonary TB.
- Tuberculous pericarditis (TBP) is an uncommon manifestation, accounting for a small percentage of TB autopsies and acute pericarditis cases.
Observation:
- A 29-year-old man presented with constitutional symptoms and a large pericardial effusion causing tamponade.
- Diagnosis was confirmed via pericardial biopsy identifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Findings:
- The patient received a combination of anti-TB drugs, colchicine, and steroids.
- Prompt medical and surgical intervention led to clinical improvement.
Implications:
- TBP poses diagnostic challenges due to nonspecific symptoms and slow culture results.
- A high index of suspicion is vital for early TBP detection and management to prevent constrictive pericarditis.
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