Association between the cardiometabolic index and mortality risk in US adults: Data from the National Health and
Da Liu1, Xuliang Wang2, Zhuchang Tian3
1Department of Cardiology, the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shenzhen, China (Drs Liu, Tian, Duan, Li, Meng, and Zheng); The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China (Dr Liu).
Insights
The cardiometabolic index (CMI) is linked to higher diabetes-related mortality risk. This study found no significant association between CMI and all-cause or cardiovascular disease mortality in the NHANES population.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Metabolic Health
- Public Health
Background:
- The cardiometabolic index (CMI) is a proposed marker for cardiometabolic disease risk.
- Existing research has not clarified the relationship between CMI and mortality risk.
- This study investigates the association between CMI and mortality within the NHANES population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the association between the cardiometabolic index (CMI) and the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and diabetes-related mortality.
- To analyze data from a large, nationally representative US population sample.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) including 20,570 participants.
- Calculated CMI by multiplying waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) with the triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio.
- Employed Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multivariate Cox regression to assess mortality risk across CMI tertiles.
Main Results:
- A total of 2660 participants (12.9%) died from all causes during the study period.
- Kaplan-Meier curves indicated significant differences in mortality risk across CMI groups (log-rank P < .001).
- Multivariate Cox regression revealed a significant association between higher CMI and increased diabetes-related mortality (HR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.38-2.22, P < .001).
Conclusions:
- Elevated cardiometabolic index (CMI) is an independent predictor of increased diabetes-related mortality.
- No significant association was found between CMI and all-cause or cardiovascular disease mortality in the NHANES cohort.
- The findings highlight CMI's specific role in predicting diabetes-related mortality risk.
Background:
Recently, studies have suggested the use of the cardiometabolic index (CMI) to reflect the risk of cardiometabolic disease. However, the association between the CMI and the risk of mortality remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to assess the associations between the CMI and the risk of mortality in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) population.
Methods:
This present study analyzed data from the entire 1999 to 2018 NHANES cycle and ultimately included 20,570 individuals. All individuals were classified into 3 groups based on their CMI tertile, which was calculated by multiplying the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) by the triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio. The study endpoints included all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and diabetes-related mortality. Kaplan‒Meier survival and Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the association between the CMI and mortality risk.
Results:
A total of 2660 (12.9%) individuals experienced all-cause death. Kaplan‒Meier survival curves suggested significant differences in mortality risk among the 3 groups (log-rank P < .001). According to the multivariate Cox regression analysis, the CMI was significantly associated with diabetes-related mortality risk (hazard ratio: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.38-2.22, P < .001) but not all-cause mortality or cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality after adjusting for confounding risk factors.
Conclusions:
A higher CMI was independently associated with an increased risk of diabetes-related mortality but not all-cause mortality or CVD mortality in the NHANES population.
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