Selenium biofortification: integrating one health and sustainability

Area of Science:

• Agricultural Science
• Nutritional Science
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Global selenium (Se) deficiency impacts human health and crop productivity.
• Crop biofortification with Se offers a dual approach to improve nutritional value and plant resilience.
• Se-biofortified crops present opportunities for disease prevention and the valorization of agricultural byproducts.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the potential of selenium (Se) biofortification in crops.
• To highlight the benefits for human health, agricultural productivity, and sustainability.
• To identify challenges and future perspectives for Se biofortification implementation.

Main Methods:

• Review of current research on Se biofortification strategies in agriculture.
• Analysis of health benefits associated with Se-rich crops.
• Exploration of economic and environmental sustainability aspects.
• Examination of challenges including standardization, consumer/farmer acceptance, and regulatory frameworks.

Main Results:

• Se biofortification enhances crop nutritional value and resilience to stress.
• Consumption of Se-biofortified crops contributes to disease prevention (cancer, infections, allergies).
• Non-edible plant parts offer potential in biomedicine and circular economy initiatives.
• Challenges remain in standardization, acceptance, and regulatory frameworks.

Conclusions:

• Se biofortification is a promising strategy for improving global nutrition and health outcomes.
• Overcoming implementation challenges is crucial for widespread adoption.
• Future integration with biorefineries and artificial intelligence can enhance residue valorization and sustainability.