Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
10:02

Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

Published on: March 12, 2020

15.9K

Changes in attention deficit and adipokine levels in children with sleep-disordered breathing

Guiman Luo1, Feiyan Long2, Canhong Yi1

  • 1Children's Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University), Changsha, 410000, Hunan Province, China.

Sleep Medicine
|August 2, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show more severe sleep issues and metabolic changes. ADHD symptoms correlate with higher leptin and lower adiponectin and resistin levels in OSA patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • Pediatric sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is linked to attention deficits and altered adipokine levels.
  • Investigating the connection between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is crucial for understanding pediatric health.
  • Adipokines play a role in metabolic regulation and may be implicated in the comorbidities of sleep disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children.
  • To investigate the association between serum adipokine levels (leptin, adiponectin, resistin) and the presence of ADHD in children with OSA.
  • To identify potential biomarkers and understand the underlying mechanisms connecting sleep disturbances and neurodevelopmental issues.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 111 children with OSA was divided into an observation group (OG, n=58) with ADHD and a control group (CG, n=53) without ADHD.
  • A healthy blank group (BG, n=50) was included for comparison.
  • Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between serum adipokines and ADHD symptoms.

Main Results:

  • Children with OSA and ADHD (OG) showed higher apnea-hypopnea index, lower blood oxygen saturation, elevated interleukins (IL-4, IL-12, IL-13), and lower transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) compared to controls.
  • The OG group exhibited higher dopamine and lower norepinephrine levels.
  • ADHD symptom presence strongly correlated with increased serum leptin and decreased adiponectin and resistin levels.

Conclusions:

  • Children with comorbid OSA and ADHD experience more severe sleep disturbances and metabolic abnormalities.
  • Abnormal neurotransmitter secretion, heightened inflammation, and altered adipokine profiles are characteristic of this group.
  • Elevated leptin and reduced adiponectin and resistin levels are associated with ADHD symptoms in children with OSA.
Abstract

Keywords:
AdipokinesAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorderLeptinObstructive sleep apneaSleep quality

More Related Videos

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.8K
Author Spotlight: Collecting the Brain and Serum from the Same Mice Fetus to Study Brain Tumor Development05:44

Author Spotlight: Collecting the Brain and Serum from the Same Mice Fetus to Study Brain Tumor Development

Published on: May 17, 2024

714

Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
293
Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
220
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
214
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
217
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
1.6K
Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
144