A nitrogenated phenylpropanoid with cytotoxic and anti-Leishmanial activities from Phalaris minor

One new nitrogenated phenylpropanoid derivative; (1S,2S)-2-amino-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propane-1,3-diol (1), together with 10 known compounds; 1-hexacosanol (2), β-sitosterol (3), stigmasterol (4), 7-keto-stigmasterol (5), tricin (6), salcolin C (7), salcolin D (8), salcolin A (9), salcolin B (10), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-glucopyranoside (11) were separated from Phalaris minor's aerial parts. The structures of the isolated compounds were clarified by1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS analyses. The obtained compounds (1-11) were examined for their cytotoxic and anti-leishmanial activities using MTT assay. Compound 1 showed potent cytotoxicity and anti-leishmanial potential with an IC₅₀ values of 13.69 and 5.28 µg/mL, respectively, comparable with etoposide (IC₅₀ = 11.19 µg/mL) and miltefosine (IC₅₀ = 5.72 µg/mL).