Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound-Based Intratumoral and Peritumoral Radiomics for Discriminating Carcinoma In Situ and...

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a diagnostic model integrating intratumoral and peritumoral radiomic features based on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for differentiation between carcinoma in situ (CIS) and invasive breast carcinoma (IBC).

Consecutive cases confirmed by postoperative histopathological analysis were retrospectively gathered, comprising 143 cases of CIS from January 2018 to May 2024, and 186 cases of IBC from May 2022 to May 2024, totaling 322 patients with 329 lesion and complete preoperative CEUS imaging. Intratumoral regions of interest (ROI) were defined in CEUS peak-phase images deferring gray-scale mode, while peritumoral ROI were defined by expanding 2 mm, 5 mm, and 8 mm beyond the tumor margin for radiomic features extraction. Statistical and machine learning techniques were employed for feature selection. Logistic regression classifier was utilized to construct radiomic models integrating intratumoral, peritumoral, and clinical features. Model performance was assessed using the area under the curve (AUC).

The model incorporating 5 mm peritumoral features with intratumoral and clinical data exhibited superior diagnostic performance, achieving AUCs of 0.927 and 0.911 in the training and test sets, respectively. It outperformed models based only on clinical features or other radiomic configurations, with the 5 mm peritumoral region proving most effective for lesions discrimination.

This study highlights the significant potential of combined intratumoral and peritumoral CEUS radiomics for classifying CIS and IBC, with the integration of 5 mm peritumoral features notably enhancing diagnostic accuracy.