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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 20, 2026

A Test Bed to Examine Helmet Fit and Retention and Biomechanical Measures of Head and Neck Injury in Simulated Impact
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Head Acceleration Event Exposure During Elite Men's and Women's Rugby Union Training.

Samuel Hudson1,2, James Tooby3, Gregory Roe3

  • 1Centre for Health and Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, University of Bath, Bath, UK. sjh241@bath.ac.uk.

Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
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Summary

Elite rugby training shows low head acceleration event (HAE) incidence, with most events below critical thresholds. Reducing HAE exposure in training may be more challenging than anticipated, highlighting the need for further research on player management.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics
  • Rugby Union Performance Analysis

Background:

  • Head acceleration events (HAEs) are a concern in rugby.
  • Understanding HAEs during training is crucial for player safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the incidence and magnitude of HAEs in elite men's and women's rugby union training.
  • To analyze HAEs across different contact levels and drill types.

Main Methods:

  • Instrumented mouthguards (iMGs) collected data from 203 men and 125 women over two seasons.
  • Training videos were reviewed to classify contact level and drill type.
  • HAE incidence was calculated per player minute.

Main Results:

  • Most HAEs were below 25g and 1.5 Krad/s² for both men and women.
  • Full-contact training showed the highest HAE incidence.
  • Repetition-based drills had 2-3 times higher HAE incidence than game-based drills.
  • Using pads in repetition drills halved HAE incidence.

Conclusions:

  • Average HAE incidence and magnitude during in-season training are low compared to matches.
  • Opportunities to significantly reduce HAE exposure in training are limited.
  • Further research on HAE load, injury, and weekly exposure is needed for player management.